Etomidate and mortality in cirrhotic patients with septic shock

Cherfan, Antoine J; Tamim, Hani M; AlJumah, Abdulrahman; Rishu, Asgar H; Al-Abdulkareem, Abdulmajeed; Al Knawy, Bandar A; Hajeer, Ali; Tamimi, Waleed; Brits, Riette; Arabi, Yaseen M

doi:10.1186/1472-6904-11-22

BMC Clinical Pharmacology

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Etomidate and mortality in cirrhotic patients with septic shock

	Etomidate	Control	P-Value
	N = 23	N = 39
Age (years), mean ± SD	64.0 ± 10.0	58.0 ± 13.0	0.10
Sex, female, No. (%)	9 (39)	16 (41)	0.88
APACHE II, mean ± SD	32.6 ± 6.6	30.2 ± 7.6	0.20
Child-Pugh, mean ± SD	10.8 ± 1.8	11.5 ± 1.9	0.16
SOFA, mean ± SD	15.0 ± 2.9	15.3 ± 3.7	0.79
Baseline cortisol (nmol/L), mean ± SD ^a	446.6 ± 283.5	671.9 ± 623.4	0.05
Delta cortisol post ACTH, mean ± SD	99.9 ± 186.5	160.2 ± 343.3	0.40
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD	58.9 ± 9.1	60.0 ± 7.4	0.58
Bilirubin (μmol/L), mean ± SD ^a	359.2 ± 337.7	331.9 ± 266.3	0.73
Lactic acid (mmol/L), mean ± SD ^a	3.7 ± 2.7	4.9 ± 4.9	0.21
INR, mean ± SD	2.6 ± 1.5	2.7 ± 1.4	0.84
Ammonia (μmol/L), mean ± SD ^a	122.2 ± 147.9	110.4 ± 66	0.72
AST (U/L), mean ± SD	93.0 ± 94.0	273.7 ± 627.7	0.08
ALT (U/L), mean ± SD	43.0 ± 33.3	74.1 ± 108.9	0.10
ALK (U/L), mean ± SD	150.6 ± 131.3	132.5 ± 81.6	0.56
Albumin in (G/L), mean ± SD	31.5 ± 7.3	32.2 ± 6.4	0.70
Platelets (10^9 g/L), mean ± SD	87.2 ± 59.2	111.7 ± 84.2	0.22
Hemoglobin (g/L), mean ± SD	81.7 ± 23.3	85.9 ± 15.4	0.45
WBC (10^9/L), mean ± SD	13.6 ± 8	13.1 ± 8.5	0.82
PaO2/FiO2, mean ± SD	225.9 ± 121.1	230.5 ± 144	0.90
Duration of shock before inclusion (Hours), mean ± SD	18.2 ± 15	12.5 ± 16.1	0.17
Norepinephrine dose at inclusion (μcg/kg/min), mean ± SD	0.4 ± 0.4	0.36 ± 0.4	0.54
Dopamine dose at inclusion (μcg/kg/min), mean ± SD	4.1 ± 6.3	3.3 ± 6	0.60
Source of Infection, No. (%)*
Pulmonary	9 (39.1)	15 (38.5)	0.96
UTI	6 (26.1)	6 (15.4)	0.33
Skin	2 (8.7)	1 (2.6)	0.55
SBP	7 (30.4)	13 (33.3)	0.81
No clear source	6 (26.1)	9 (23.1)	0.79
Other abdominal	1 (4.3)	6 (15.4)	0.24
Etiology of liver disease, No. (%)
HEP C	11 (47.8)	21 (53.9)	0.68
HEP B	7 (30.4)	8 (20.5)
Others (Schistomiasis, auto-immune hepatitis, etc)	5 (21.7)	10 (25.6)

SD: Standard Deviation, APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, ACTH: Adenocorticotropin stimulation test, INR: International Normalized Ratio; PaO2:FiO2 Ratio: the ratio of partial pressure of oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen; UTI: Urinary tract infection, SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
^a To convert bilirubin to mg/dL divide by 17.1, ammonia to μg/dL divide by 0.587, lactic acid to mg/dL divide by 0.111, cortisol to μg/dL divide by 27.59
* The numbers may add up to more than 100% because some patients had more than one source.

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