Cognitive functioning in opioid-dependent patients treated with buprenorphine, methadone, and other psychoactive medications: stability and correlates

Table 5 Group comparisons of cognitive performances using repeated measures ANOVA in sample I

TAP Tonic Alertness/simple reaction time (ms)
T1	232 ± 25	261 ± 21	238 ± 22	Group, p = 0.002
T2	236 ± 18	263 ± 21	233 ± 21^a	Time, ns
T3	242 ± 25	267 ± 36	241 ± 25	Group × Time, ns
TAP Phasic Alertness/ reaction time with warning signal (ms)
T1	227 ± 24	244 ± 20	226 ± 21	Group, p = 0.005
T2	229 ± 21	255 ± 28	224 ± 21 ^a	Time, ns
T3	229 ± 19	254 ± 45	225 ± 22	Group × Time, ns
TAP Go-NoGo reaction time (ms)
T1	490 ± 50	548 ± 74	460 ± 41	Group, p = 0.001
T2	480 ± 42	548 ± 104	443 ± 72 ^a	Group, p = 0.002
T3	493 ± 43	529 ± 63	462 ± 47	Age, p = 0.022
				Time, ns
				Group × Time, ns
TAP Go-NoGo errors
T1	1.1 ± 1.3	0.7 ± 0.6	0.5 ± 0.5	ns
T2	0.5 ± 0.7	1.0 ± 0.9	0.5 ± 0.8 ^a	ns
T3	0.6 ± 0.8	0.5 ± 1.0	0.2 ± 0.4	ns
The Letter-Number Sequencing
T1	8.4 ± 2.2	9.3 ± 2.4	11.8 ± 3.4	Group, p = 0.009
T2	8.8 ± 2.2	8.5 ± 2.3	11.6 ± 3.0	Time, ns
T3	10.6 ± 2.2	8.8 ± 2.4	11.2 ± 3.2	Group × Time, p = 0.007
The PASAT
T1	32.4 ± 10.5	31.0 ± 8.5	46.3 ± 9.7	Group, p = 0.001
T2	35.0 ± 6.8	33.4 ± 10.1	45.8 ± 9.0 ^a	Time, p = 0.013
T3	35.8 ± 10.0	34.9 ± 11.0	49.8 ± 8.4	Group × Time, ns
Logical memory, immediate
T1	12.8 ± 2.6	14.9 ± 4.5	15.9 ± 3.3	Group, p = 0.016
T2	13.8 ± 3.1	14.8 ± 3.7	16.3 ± 3.2	Time, ns
T3	15.5 ± 4.1	14.3 ± 4.3	17.9 ± 2.9	Group × Time, ns
Logical memory, delayed
T1	11.8 ± 3.0	13.1 ± 4.0	13.9 ± 4.0	Group, p = 0.013
T2	12.0 ± 4.0	13.7 ± 4.0	15.6 ± 3.1	Time, ns
T3	12.4 ± 4.1	11.8 ± 4.7	15.9 ± 3.6	Group × Time, ns

Bold indicates statistically significant effects.
^a One missing value was replaced by the carry-over value from the preceding testing point.